Abstract
Mobile source air toxic (MSAT) emissions from a direct injection spark ignition (DISI) passenger vehicle fueled with gasoline and liquid phase liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) were compared using a chassis dynamometer under several in-use vehicle driving conditions. For operation of a dedicated LPG-DI engine, low-pressure fuel systems were specially installed and various engine control parameters were recalibrated considering different chemical properties of LPG. A series of the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) modes for determining the emission factors of in-use vehicles in Korea were chosen to quantify not only the regulated emissions with particles but also the unregulated emissions of carbonyls, BTEX, and PAHs from a DISI light-duty vehicle (LDV) with gasoline and LPG. The regulated and particle emissions of LPG-DI vehicles showed strong reduction, and the proportions of sub-23 nm particles were 32-35% in gasoline and 50-65% in LPG. The results revealed that the levels of the MSAT emissions from a DISI engine were closely related to the driving patterns and the fuel properties. A substantial reduction of regulated emissions, particulates, BTEX, and particle-bound PAH emissions was achieved from a LPG-DI vehicle in real driving conditions. Carbonyl compounds acetaldehyde and acrolein showed significant increment from a LPG-DI vehicle.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 19-31 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Fuel Processing Technology |
Volume | 119 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2014 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This study was supported by the CEFV (Center for Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) as Global-Top Project of KMOE (Ministry of Environment, Korea) and Korea University Grant. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Transportation Pollution Research Center in the National Institute of Environmental Research for the vehicle tests and emission analyses. We also thank Hyundai Motor Company, Motonic Corporation, and Continental-Automotive Systems Corporation for their technical assistance for the development of LPG-DI vehicle.
Keywords
- Carbonyl compounds
- In-use vehicle driving mode
- LPG-direct injection
- Mobile source air toxic emissions
- Particulate emissions
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Chemical Engineering
- Fuel Technology
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology