TY - JOUR
T1 - Multiple foliations defined by different sillimanite crystal habits, partial melting and the late metamorphic development of the Cannington Ag-Pb-Zn deposit, northeast Australia
AU - Kim, Hyeong Soo
AU - Bell, Tim H.
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledge the Australian Research Council for providing research funds. We thank Jeffrey Stuart, Alan Edwards and Richard Davis of BHP Billiton Cannington for their assistance during fieldwork at the mine site and core yard. We also thank Richard White and Tom Evans for discussion on THERMOCALC. We thank JCU for providing excellent facilities for microstructural and metamorphic research. Kim thanks the Industry Mineral Bank (IMB) at the Kangwon National University for providing computer facilities. We also thank Simon Harley and Tim Johnson for helpful and constructive reviews, and M. Santosh for editorial handling.
PY - 2005/10
Y1 - 2005/10
N2 - A succession of foliations defined by different sillimanite-bearing structural fabrics suggests that the macroscopic, isoclinal synform that dominates the geometry of the Cannington Ag-Pb-Zn deposit, northwest Queensland, Australia formed during D2. The five foliations in this succession, S1, to S5, are defined by aligned sillimanite with habits ranging from individual crystals in S1, through S4, to clusters of fibrolite in S5, in both the matrix and as inclusion trails within garnet and galmite (Zn-rich spinel) porphyroblasts. S1, S3, and S5, formed as sub-horizontal foliations, whereas S1a, S2 and S4 formed sub-vertically Foliation intersection/inflexion axes (FIAs) within garnet and gahnite porphyroblasts preserve a succession of trends that shifts from W-E to N-S. This succession indicates that this region experienced N-S followed by W-E bulk crustal shortening. N-S shortening occurred during D1, and D1a, and W-E shortening occurred from D2 to D5. Prismatic and rhombic sillimanite produced during D1-D4 accompanied prograde metamorphism to ca. 634±62°C and 4.8±1.3 kbar. The coexistence of fibrous, prismatic and rhombic sillimanite resulted from post peak metamorphic reactivation of the early foliations during D5. The synformal D2 fold was intensified during D4 by W-E bulk shortening. Local partial melting occurred after D1, in the appropriate bulk rock compositions, based on calculation of P-T pseudosections in the chemical systems KFMASH, KFMASHTO, NCKFMASH and MnNCKFMASH. Zn mineralization related to gahnite growth occurred during D3 through D4, and was redistributed by partial melting into structural and rheological sites during D4 and D5 shearing.
AB - A succession of foliations defined by different sillimanite-bearing structural fabrics suggests that the macroscopic, isoclinal synform that dominates the geometry of the Cannington Ag-Pb-Zn deposit, northwest Queensland, Australia formed during D2. The five foliations in this succession, S1, to S5, are defined by aligned sillimanite with habits ranging from individual crystals in S1, through S4, to clusters of fibrolite in S5, in both the matrix and as inclusion trails within garnet and galmite (Zn-rich spinel) porphyroblasts. S1, S3, and S5, formed as sub-horizontal foliations, whereas S1a, S2 and S4 formed sub-vertically Foliation intersection/inflexion axes (FIAs) within garnet and gahnite porphyroblasts preserve a succession of trends that shifts from W-E to N-S. This succession indicates that this region experienced N-S followed by W-E bulk crustal shortening. N-S shortening occurred during D1, and D1a, and W-E shortening occurred from D2 to D5. Prismatic and rhombic sillimanite produced during D1-D4 accompanied prograde metamorphism to ca. 634±62°C and 4.8±1.3 kbar. The coexistence of fibrous, prismatic and rhombic sillimanite resulted from post peak metamorphic reactivation of the early foliations during D5. The synformal D2 fold was intensified during D4 by W-E bulk shortening. Local partial melting occurred after D1, in the appropriate bulk rock compositions, based on calculation of P-T pseudosections in the chemical systems KFMASH, KFMASHTO, NCKFMASH and MnNCKFMASH. Zn mineralization related to gahnite growth occurred during D3 through D4, and was redistributed by partial melting into structural and rheological sites during D4 and D5 shearing.
KW - Foliation intersection/inflexion axes
KW - Gahnite
KW - Partial melting
KW - Sillimanite
KW - Zn mineralisation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=27644476732&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S1342-937X(05)71151-5
DO - 10.1016/S1342-937X(05)71151-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:27644476732
SN - 1342-937X
VL - 8
SP - 493
EP - 509
JO - Gondwana Research
JF - Gondwana Research
IS - 4
ER -