Multiple intracranial aneurysms with intraventricular hemorrhage in a child with unilateral fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery

A rare case involving multiple intracranial aneurysms with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in a child, accompanied by unilateral fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) of the renal artery, is reported. A 12-year-old girl presented with secondary hypertension and fourth-ventricle IVH. Cerebral angiography showed multiple aneurysms in the anterior communicating artery, right posterior cerebral artery, and right superior cerebellar artery. Abdominal angiography revealed marked stenosis and dilatation of the left renal artery. Coil embolization of the intracranial aneurysms was successfully performed. Then, a left nephrectomy and autotransplantation were performed. At the time of discharge, she was in an almost normal neurological condition. The association between renal artery FMD and aneurysmal rupture is extremely rare. This case is the first report of multiple intracranial aneurysms with IVH treated successfully with coils in a child concomitant with FMD of the renal artery.