Nano carriers that enable co-delivery of chemotherapy and RNAi agents for treatment of drug-resistant cancers

Vasilios Tsouris; Min Kyung Joo; Sun Hwa Kim; Ick Chan Kwon; You Yeon Won

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.05.006

Nano carriers that enable co-delivery of chemotherapy and RNAi agents for treatment of drug-resistant cancers

Vasilios Tsouris, Min Kyung Joo, Sun Hwa Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, You Yeon Won

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

124 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Tumor cells exhibit drug resistant phenotypes that decrease the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments. The drug resistance has a genetic basis that is caused by an abnormal gene expression. There are several types of drug resistance: efflux pumps reducing the cellular concentration of the drug, alterations in membrane lipids that reduce cellular uptake, increased or altered drug targets, metabolic alteration of the drug, inhibition of apoptosis, repair of the damaged DNA, and alteration of the cell cycle checkpoints (Gottesman et al., 2002; Holohan et al., 2013). siRNA is used to silence the drug resistant phenotype and prevent this drug resistance response. Of the listed types of drug resistance, pump-type resistance (e.g., high expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins such as P-glycoproteins (Pgp; also known as multi-drug resistance protein 1 or MDR1, encoded by the ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 1 (ABCB1) gene)) and apoptosis inhibition (e.g., expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2) are the most frequently targeted for gene silencing. The co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs has a synergistic effect, but many of the current projects do not control the drug release from the nanocarrier. This means that the drug payload is released before the drug resistance proteins have degraded and the drug resistance phenotype has been silenced. Current research focuses on cross-linking the carrier's polymers to prevent premature drug release, but these carriers still rely on environmental cues to release the drug payload, and the drug may be released too early. In this review, we studied the release kinetics of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs from a broad range of carriers. We also give examples of carriers used to co-deliver siRNA and drugs to drug-resistant tumor cells, and we examine how modifications to the carrier affect the delivery. Lastly, we give our recommendations for the future directions of the co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug treatments.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1037-1050
Number of pages	14
Journal	Biotechnology Advances
Volume	32
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.05.006
Publication status	Published - 2014 Sept

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation ( CBET-0828574 , DMR-0906567 , and CBET-1264336 ), the Purdue University School of Chemical Engineering , the “Global RNAi Carrier Initiative” Intramural Research Program of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , and the Global Innovative Research Center (GIRC) Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea ( 2012K1A1A2A01055811 ). Also, YYW gratefully acknowledges the Research Fellowship from the Bindley Bioscience Center at Purdue University, and MKJ is grateful for the “Star Post-Doc” Fellowship from KIST.

Keywords

Cancer
Chemotherapy
Co-delivery
Combination therapy
Drug resistance
RNA interference

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biotechnology
Bioengineering
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.05.006

Cite this

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title = "Nano carriers that enable co-delivery of chemotherapy and RNAi agents for treatment of drug-resistant cancers",

abstract = "Tumor cells exhibit drug resistant phenotypes that decrease the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments. The drug resistance has a genetic basis that is caused by an abnormal gene expression. There are several types of drug resistance: efflux pumps reducing the cellular concentration of the drug, alterations in membrane lipids that reduce cellular uptake, increased or altered drug targets, metabolic alteration of the drug, inhibition of apoptosis, repair of the damaged DNA, and alteration of the cell cycle checkpoints (Gottesman et al., 2002; Holohan et al., 2013). siRNA is used to silence the drug resistant phenotype and prevent this drug resistance response. Of the listed types of drug resistance, pump-type resistance (e.g., high expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins such as P-glycoproteins (Pgp; also known as multi-drug resistance protein 1 or MDR1, encoded by the ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 1 (ABCB1) gene)) and apoptosis inhibition (e.g., expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2) are the most frequently targeted for gene silencing. The co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs has a synergistic effect, but many of the current projects do not control the drug release from the nanocarrier. This means that the drug payload is released before the drug resistance proteins have degraded and the drug resistance phenotype has been silenced. Current research focuses on cross-linking the carrier's polymers to prevent premature drug release, but these carriers still rely on environmental cues to release the drug payload, and the drug may be released too early. In this review, we studied the release kinetics of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs from a broad range of carriers. We also give examples of carriers used to co-deliver siRNA and drugs to drug-resistant tumor cells, and we examine how modifications to the carrier affect the delivery. Lastly, we give our recommendations for the future directions of the co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug treatments.",

keywords = "Cancer, Chemotherapy, Co-delivery, Combination therapy, Drug resistance, RNA interference",

author = "Vasilios Tsouris and Joo, {Min Kyung} and Kim, {Sun Hwa} and Kwon, {Ick Chan} and Won, {You Yeon}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation ( CBET-0828574 , DMR-0906567 , and CBET-1264336 ), the Purdue University School of Chemical Engineering , the “Global RNAi Carrier Initiative” Intramural Research Program of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , and the Global Innovative Research Center (GIRC) Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea ( 2012K1A1A2A01055811 ). Also, YYW gratefully acknowledges the Research Fellowship from the Bindley Bioscience Center at Purdue University, and MKJ is grateful for the “Star Post-Doc” Fellowship from KIST. ",

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doi = "10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.05.006",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

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AU - Tsouris, Vasilios

AU - Joo, Min Kyung

AU - Kim, Sun Hwa

AU - Kwon, Ick Chan

AU - Won, You Yeon

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation ( CBET-0828574 , DMR-0906567 , and CBET-1264336 ), the Purdue University School of Chemical Engineering , the “Global RNAi Carrier Initiative” Intramural Research Program of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , and the Global Innovative Research Center (GIRC) Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea ( 2012K1A1A2A01055811 ). Also, YYW gratefully acknowledges the Research Fellowship from the Bindley Bioscience Center at Purdue University, and MKJ is grateful for the “Star Post-Doc” Fellowship from KIST.

PY - 2014/9

Y1 - 2014/9

N2 - Tumor cells exhibit drug resistant phenotypes that decrease the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments. The drug resistance has a genetic basis that is caused by an abnormal gene expression. There are several types of drug resistance: efflux pumps reducing the cellular concentration of the drug, alterations in membrane lipids that reduce cellular uptake, increased or altered drug targets, metabolic alteration of the drug, inhibition of apoptosis, repair of the damaged DNA, and alteration of the cell cycle checkpoints (Gottesman et al., 2002; Holohan et al., 2013). siRNA is used to silence the drug resistant phenotype and prevent this drug resistance response. Of the listed types of drug resistance, pump-type resistance (e.g., high expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins such as P-glycoproteins (Pgp; also known as multi-drug resistance protein 1 or MDR1, encoded by the ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 1 (ABCB1) gene)) and apoptosis inhibition (e.g., expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2) are the most frequently targeted for gene silencing. The co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs has a synergistic effect, but many of the current projects do not control the drug release from the nanocarrier. This means that the drug payload is released before the drug resistance proteins have degraded and the drug resistance phenotype has been silenced. Current research focuses on cross-linking the carrier's polymers to prevent premature drug release, but these carriers still rely on environmental cues to release the drug payload, and the drug may be released too early. In this review, we studied the release kinetics of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs from a broad range of carriers. We also give examples of carriers used to co-deliver siRNA and drugs to drug-resistant tumor cells, and we examine how modifications to the carrier affect the delivery. Lastly, we give our recommendations for the future directions of the co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug treatments.

AB - Tumor cells exhibit drug resistant phenotypes that decrease the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments. The drug resistance has a genetic basis that is caused by an abnormal gene expression. There are several types of drug resistance: efflux pumps reducing the cellular concentration of the drug, alterations in membrane lipids that reduce cellular uptake, increased or altered drug targets, metabolic alteration of the drug, inhibition of apoptosis, repair of the damaged DNA, and alteration of the cell cycle checkpoints (Gottesman et al., 2002; Holohan et al., 2013). siRNA is used to silence the drug resistant phenotype and prevent this drug resistance response. Of the listed types of drug resistance, pump-type resistance (e.g., high expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins such as P-glycoproteins (Pgp; also known as multi-drug resistance protein 1 or MDR1, encoded by the ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 1 (ABCB1) gene)) and apoptosis inhibition (e.g., expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2) are the most frequently targeted for gene silencing. The co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs has a synergistic effect, but many of the current projects do not control the drug release from the nanocarrier. This means that the drug payload is released before the drug resistance proteins have degraded and the drug resistance phenotype has been silenced. Current research focuses on cross-linking the carrier's polymers to prevent premature drug release, but these carriers still rely on environmental cues to release the drug payload, and the drug may be released too early. In this review, we studied the release kinetics of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs from a broad range of carriers. We also give examples of carriers used to co-deliver siRNA and drugs to drug-resistant tumor cells, and we examine how modifications to the carrier affect the delivery. Lastly, we give our recommendations for the future directions of the co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug treatments.

KW - Cancer

KW - Chemotherapy

KW - Co-delivery

KW - Combination therapy

KW - Drug resistance

KW - RNA interference

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DO - 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.05.006

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SN - 0734-9750

VL - 32

SP - 1037

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Nano carriers that enable co-delivery of chemotherapy and RNAi agents for treatment of drug-resistant cancers

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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