TY - JOUR
T1 - Na2 wo4 /mn/sio2 catalyst pellets for upgrading h2 s-containing biogas via the oxidative coupling of methane
AU - Gu, Sangseo
AU - Choi, Jae Wook
AU - Suh, Dong Jin
AU - Yoo, Chun Jae
AU - Choi, Jungkyu
AU - Ha, Jeong Myeong
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: This research was supported by the C1 Gas Refinery Program (2015M3D3A1A010 64900) and the Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes (2020M1A2A2079798) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT.
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the C1 Gas Refinery Program (2015M3D3A1A01064900) and the Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes (2020M1A2A2079798) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - Biogas is a promising renewable energy source; however, it needs to be upgraded to increase its low calorific value. In this study, oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) was selected to convert it to a higher fuel standard. Prior to establishing the scaled-up OCM process, the effect of organic/inorganic binders on catalytic activity was examined. The selection of the binders and composition of the catalyst pellet influenced the pore structure, fracture strength, and catalytic activity of the catalyst pellets. It was also observed that the O2 supply from the inorganic binder is a key factor in determining catalytic activity, based on which the composition of the catalyst pellets was optimized. The higher heating value increased from 39.9 (CH4, Wobbe index = 53.5 MJ/Nm3) to 41.0 MJ/Nm3 (OCM product mixture, Wobbe index = 54.2 MJ/Nm3), achieving the fuel standard prescribed in many countries (Wobbe index = 45.5–55.0 MJ/Nm3). The reaction parameters (temperature, gas hourly space velocity, size of the reaction system, and the CH4 /O2 ratio) were also optimized, followed by a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the catalyst was stable for a long-term (100 h) operation under the optimized conditions.
AB - Biogas is a promising renewable energy source; however, it needs to be upgraded to increase its low calorific value. In this study, oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) was selected to convert it to a higher fuel standard. Prior to establishing the scaled-up OCM process, the effect of organic/inorganic binders on catalytic activity was examined. The selection of the binders and composition of the catalyst pellet influenced the pore structure, fracture strength, and catalytic activity of the catalyst pellets. It was also observed that the O2 supply from the inorganic binder is a key factor in determining catalytic activity, based on which the composition of the catalyst pellets was optimized. The higher heating value increased from 39.9 (CH4, Wobbe index = 53.5 MJ/Nm3) to 41.0 MJ/Nm3 (OCM product mixture, Wobbe index = 54.2 MJ/Nm3), achieving the fuel standard prescribed in many countries (Wobbe index = 45.5–55.0 MJ/Nm3). The reaction parameters (temperature, gas hourly space velocity, size of the reaction system, and the CH4 /O2 ratio) were also optimized, followed by a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the catalyst was stable for a long-term (100 h) operation under the optimized conditions.
KW - Biogas conversion
KW - Heterogeneous catalysts
KW - High sulfurcompound resistance
KW - Tube-shaped catalyst pellets
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85117940285&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/catal11111301
DO - 10.3390/catal11111301
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85117940285
SN - 2073-4344
VL - 11
JO - Catalysts
JF - Catalysts
IS - 11
M1 - 1301
ER -