Neonatal brain damage following prolonged latency after preterm premature rupture of membranes

This study evaluated the risk of brain damage in neonates delivered at <34 weeks following a prolonged latency after preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). The medical records of 77 singletons delivered at <34 weeks with pPROM and 66 singletons delivered at <34 weeks with preterm labor and intact membranes were reviewed. Latency was divided into four intervals: ≤24, >24-≤72, >72-≤168 hr, and >1 week. Outcomes in the longer three intervals were compared with those in neonates delivered at ≤24 hr after pPROM. The documented outcomes were placental (histologic chorioamnionitis, vasculitis, funnisitis) and neonatal (intraventricular hemorrhage, ventriculomegaly, germinal matrix hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia). Odds ratios and 95% CI for the risk of histologic chorioamnionitis according to the respective latency intervals were 4.8 (1.0-22.9), 7.0 (1.1-43.1), 7.4 (2.1-42.3) in patients with pPROM. The risks of intracranial ultrasonic abnormalities, however, did not increased with prolonged latency. In the patients with preterm labor and intact membranes, the both risks did not increased with increasing latency. Therefore, this study was suggested that the risk of histologic chorioamnionitis increased with increasing latency, but there was no relationship between neonatal brain damage and latency interval after pPROM.