TY - JOUR
T1 - NIR-II bioimaging of small molecule fluorophores
T2 - From basic research to clinical applications
AU - Li, Chonglu
AU - Guan, Xiaofang
AU - Zhang, Xian
AU - Zhou, Di
AU - Son, Subin
AU - Xu, Yunjie
AU - Deng, Mengtian
AU - Guo, Zhenzhong
AU - Sun, Yao
AU - Kim, Jong Seung
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 22022404 , 22074050 and 81973097 , and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities China CCNU22QN007 , supported by Key Research and Development Project of Hubei Province ( 2020BCB022 ). This work was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea ( CRI project no. 2018R1A3B1052702 , J.S.K).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/11/15
Y1 - 2022/11/15
N2 - Due to the low autofluorescence and deep-photo penetration, the second near-infrared region fluorescence imaging technology (NIR-II, 1000–2000 nm) has been widely utilized in basic scientific research and preclinical practice throughout the past decade. The most attractive candidates for clinical translation are organic NIR-II fluorophores with a small-molecule framework, owing to their low toxicity, high synthetic repeatability, and simplicity of chemical modification. In order to enhance the translation of small molecule applications in NIR-II bioimaging, NIR-II fluorescence imaging technology has evolved from its usage in cells to the diagnosis of diseases in large animals and even humans. Although several examples of NIR-II fluorescence imaging have been used in preclinical studies, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed before they can finally be used in clinical settings. In this paper, we reviewed the evolution of the chemical structures and photophysical properties of small-molecule fluorophores, with an emphasis on their biomedical applications ranging from small animals to humans. We also explored the potential of small-molecule fluorophores.
AB - Due to the low autofluorescence and deep-photo penetration, the second near-infrared region fluorescence imaging technology (NIR-II, 1000–2000 nm) has been widely utilized in basic scientific research and preclinical practice throughout the past decade. The most attractive candidates for clinical translation are organic NIR-II fluorophores with a small-molecule framework, owing to their low toxicity, high synthetic repeatability, and simplicity of chemical modification. In order to enhance the translation of small molecule applications in NIR-II bioimaging, NIR-II fluorescence imaging technology has evolved from its usage in cells to the diagnosis of diseases in large animals and even humans. Although several examples of NIR-II fluorescence imaging have been used in preclinical studies, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed before they can finally be used in clinical settings. In this paper, we reviewed the evolution of the chemical structures and photophysical properties of small-molecule fluorophores, with an emphasis on their biomedical applications ranging from small animals to humans. We also explored the potential of small-molecule fluorophores.
KW - Disease diagnosis
KW - NIR-II bioimaging Small-molecule fluorophores
KW - Preclinical practice
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136273980&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114620
DO - 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114620
M3 - Article
C2 - 36001931
AN - SCOPUS:85136273980
SN - 0956-5663
VL - 216
JO - Biosensors and Bioelectronics
JF - Biosensors and Bioelectronics
M1 - 114620
ER -