@article{6a18c0055493431596e21ca9a5b9c87b,
title = "Novel self-assembly-induced gelation for nanofibrous collagen/hydroxyapatite composite microspheres",
abstract = "This study demonstrates the utility of the newly developed self-assembly-induced gelation technique for the synthesis of porous collagen/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres with a nanofibrous structure. This new approach can produce microspheres of a uniform size using the droplets that form at the nozzle tip before gelation. These microspheres can have a highly nanofibrous structure due to the immersion of the droplets in a coagulation bath (water/acetone), in which the collagen aggregates in the solution can self-assemble into fibrils due to pH-dependent precipitation. Bioactive HA particles were incorporated into the collagen solutions, in order to enhance the bioactivity of the composite microspheres. The composite microspheres exhibited a well-defined spherical morphology and a uniform size for all levels of HA content (0 wt %, 10 wt %, 15 wt %, and 20 wt %). Collagen nanofibers-several tens of nanometers in size-were uniformly present throughout the microspheres and the HA particles were also well dispersed. The in vitro apatite-forming ability, assessed using the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution, increased significantly with the incorporation of HA into the composite microspheres.",
keywords = "Biomaterials, Collagen, Hydroxyapatite, In vitro bioactivity, Porous scaffolds",
author = "Choi, {Jae Won} and Kim, {Jong Woo} and Jo, {In Hwan} and Koh, {Young Hag} and Kim, {Hyoun Ee}",
note = "Funding Information: 4.ConclusionsNanofibrous collagen/HA composite microspheres with different levels of HA content (0 wt %, 10 wtN%a,n1o5fiwbrto%u,sacnodlla2g0ewnt/%H)Awceorme spuocscietessmfuilclryossypnhtehreessizweidthudsiinffge rseenlft-alesvseemls bolfyH-inAdcuocnetdengtel(a0tiwont —%, 1n0ewwlyt d%e,ve1l5opwedt i%n,thainsdstu2d0yw.Atll%th)ewceormepsouscitcee smsfiucrlolyspshyenrtehse hsaizde sdimuislianrg disaemlfe-atesrsse mwbitlhy -ai nndaurrcoewd gsiezleatdioisnt—ribnuetwiolny, draenvgeilnogpebdetiwnetehni s79st8u μdmy. ±A 4ll2tμhme caonmdp 8o0s9i tμemm i±cr3o4spμhme.reIns ahdadditsiiomni, larergdairadmleestseorsf wthiet hHaAn acrornotwensti,z ceodlliasgtreinbu ntiaonno,fribanergsi—ngsebveetwrael etnen7s98ofµ mnan±o4m2eµtemrsa innd s8iz0e9—µwme±re3u4nµifmor.mInlya dcrdeiatitoend, rthegroaurdglhesosuotfththee cHomApcoonsitteenmt, iccorlolasgpehnerneasn. oTfhibee Hrs—A speavretricalletsenwseorfenaalnsoo msuectecersssinfuslilzye i—ncworepreourantiefdor imntloy cthreea cteodmtphorosiuteg hmoiuctrothspehceormesp,o wsihteicmh iscirgonsipfihcearnetsl.yT ehnehHanAcepdarinti cvlietsrowaepraetiatles-ofosrumcciensgs faublillyitiyn.cAornpuomrabteedr ionft aopathtiete ccormysptaolssitveigmoriocruosslyp hperreecsi,piwtahteidch onsi tghnei fsiucarnfatclye oefnthhaen ccoemd pionsvitietr mo iacproastipteh-efroersm aifntegr 3a bdialiytys. Aof nimummbeerrsioofnaipna tainte ScBryFs staollsuvtiiogno.roItuwslaysparlescoi pfiotuatnedd tohnatthheigshuerrfa HceAofcothnetecnotmlepdo stiotehmigihcerorsipnhveirterso abfitoearc3tivdiatyy.s Tohfeimsem fienrdsiinognsi nsuagngSesBtFthsoatlusteilof-na.sIstewmabslya-lisnodfuocuenddgtehlaattihoing choeurlHd Abec uonsetedn ftolre ad vtoarhieigtyh eorf ipnovlyitmroebr isooalcuttiivointys. aTnhde bsee faipnpdliinegds insuag nguesmt bthera tosf edlfif-faesrseenmt bfileyl-dins.d uced gelation could be used for a variety of polymer solutions and be applied in a number of different fields. Acknowledgments: This study was supported by a grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, AMciknnisotrwyl oedf Hgmeaelnthts &: T Whieslsfatured,y Rwepasubsulipc poof rKteodrebay (acognratrnatcotfgtrhaenKt nouremanbeHr:e HalIth13TCe1ch50n1o)l.o gy R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (contract grant number: HI13C1501). Author Contributions: J.W. Choi, Y.H. Koh, and H.E. Kim conceived and designed the experiments; J.W. Choi Author Contributions: J.W. Choi, Y.H. Koh, and H.E. Kim conceived and designed the experiments; J.W. Choi and J.W. Kim synthesized the nanofibrous collagen/HA composite microspheres and evaluated their morphology, morphology, microstructure/nanostructure, crystalline structure, chemical composition, and thermal properties; J.W. Choi and I.H. Jo characterized the apatite-forming ability of the composite microspheres; J.W. Choi and mY.aHn.u Kscorhip wt.rAotlel tthhee amuatnhuorsscrciopnt.t rAibllu ttheed atuotthhoerfsi ncoalnetrdibituintegdo tfot htheemfiannaul secdriiptitn.g of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 by the authors.",
year = "2017",
month = sep,
day = "21",
doi = "10.3390/ma10101110",
language = "English",
volume = "10",
journal = "Materials",
issn = "1996-1944",
publisher = "MDPI AG",
number = "10",
}