TY - JOUR
T1 - Photochemical and antimicrobial properties of novel C60 derivatives in aqueous systems
AU - Lee, Jaesang
AU - Mackeyev, Yuri
AU - Cho, Min
AU - Li, Dong
AU - Kim, Jae Hong
AU - Wilson, Lon J.
AU - Alvarez, Pedro J.J.
PY - 2009/9/1
Y1 - 2009/9/1
N2 - Four novel hexakis C60 derivatives with varying functionalities were synthesized, and their photochemical properties and photodynamic disinfection efficiencies were quantitatively evaluated. All these C 60 derivatives generated 1O2 more efficiently than commercial multihydroxylated C60 (fullerol), as assessed by furfuryl alcohol consumption and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis. Despite significant agglomeration/aggregation in the aqueous phase to micrometer-sized particles, nanosecond laser flash photolysis showed that the lifetime of triplet state (a key intermediate for energy transfer responsible for 1O2 production) was comparable to reported values for pristine C60 in organic phase. As a result of facile 1O2 production, the C60 derivatives efficiently inactivated Escherichia coli and MS-2 bacteriophage. Cationic aminofullerene hexakis, which likely exerted electrostatic attraction, exhibited exceptionally rapid virus inactivation even compared to commercial nano-TiO2 photocatalyst. These unique photodynamic, hydrophilic and cationic properties may be instrumental for the development of next generation photocatalysts for disinfection applications. The high ROS (reactive oxygen species) production activity and associated cytotoxicity are concerns for potential releases of functionalized C60 to the environment, and require careful assessment apart from other forms of C60 (e.g., nC60) that have been widely studied as model nanomaterials but behave differently.
AB - Four novel hexakis C60 derivatives with varying functionalities were synthesized, and their photochemical properties and photodynamic disinfection efficiencies were quantitatively evaluated. All these C 60 derivatives generated 1O2 more efficiently than commercial multihydroxylated C60 (fullerol), as assessed by furfuryl alcohol consumption and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis. Despite significant agglomeration/aggregation in the aqueous phase to micrometer-sized particles, nanosecond laser flash photolysis showed that the lifetime of triplet state (a key intermediate for energy transfer responsible for 1O2 production) was comparable to reported values for pristine C60 in organic phase. As a result of facile 1O2 production, the C60 derivatives efficiently inactivated Escherichia coli and MS-2 bacteriophage. Cationic aminofullerene hexakis, which likely exerted electrostatic attraction, exhibited exceptionally rapid virus inactivation even compared to commercial nano-TiO2 photocatalyst. These unique photodynamic, hydrophilic and cationic properties may be instrumental for the development of next generation photocatalysts for disinfection applications. The high ROS (reactive oxygen species) production activity and associated cytotoxicity are concerns for potential releases of functionalized C60 to the environment, and require careful assessment apart from other forms of C60 (e.g., nC60) that have been widely studied as model nanomaterials but behave differently.
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U2 - 10.1021/es901501k
DO - 10.1021/es901501k
M3 - Article
C2 - 19764224
AN - SCOPUS:69549110660
SN - 0013-936X
VL - 43
SP - 6604
EP - 6610
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
IS - 17
ER -