Abstract
A new mixture of alkyl glycosides derived from palm oil (PO) or palm kernel oil (PKO) was synthesised. This mixture contains glycosylated disaccharide of either maltose or lactose with aliphatic chain that varies according to the PO or PKO fatty acids composition. The synthesis method produced no polymerised sugar unlike the production of the commercial glycosides (APG). The mixture only contains various glycosides differing by the alkyl chain and stereoisomers. Three anomeric mixtures can be produced depending on the reaction time and catalyst: α-dominant mixture, β-dominant mixture and equal mixture. The PO and PKO derived glycosides were able to form a stable vesicle with a small amount of dicetyl phosphate (DCP) and showed high vitamin E encapsulation efficiency. Low packing density of the membrane bilayer enabled more vitamin E to participate in the membrane formation. The anomeric mixtures of the maltosides provide no difference in membrane packing behaviour as it was governed by the hydrophilic region. Significant difference in membrane packing density was observed for lactosides anomeric mixtures because the packing behaviour was influenced by the hydrophobic region. Inclusion of cholesterol led to decrease in vitamin E encapsulation as well as reducing the stability of the vesicle system. The vesicular formulations of the glycosides were stable for 3 months when stored at refrigeration temperature.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 144-153 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces |
Volume | 95 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2012 Jun 15 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work is supported by Korea University , Republic of Korea. We are very grateful to Prof. Choi Yong Seok (Korea University) for providing the facilities for the synthesis process. We are also deeply grateful to Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Malaysia for the access to the spectrofluorometer.
Keywords
- Glycoside
- Niosome
- Palm kernel oil
- Palm oil
- Stereochemical effect
- Vesicle
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biotechnology
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Colloid and Surface Chemistry