Abstract
This study investigates the novel use of propionitrile (PN) as the single organic solvent for high-voltage carbon/carbon capacitors. Quaternary ammonium salts spiro-(1,1ʹ)-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (SBPBF4) and 1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (DMPBF4) dissolved in acetonitrile (AN) and propionitrile (PN) are compared. PN-based electrolytes exhibit a large and symmetric electrochemical stability, an exceptional anodic potential limit, good ionic conductivity, and low viscosity, allowing EDLCs to operate at 3.5 V even with a high current density (2.5 A g−1). Moreover, PN-based electrolytes can suppress the anodic dissolution of the Al current collector at a high potential. These advantages help in the realization of EDLCs with excellent cycling stabilities at high voltages. As a result, at 3.5 V, EDLCs with PN-based electrolytes exhibit the highest energy and power density of 49.3 Wh kg−1 and 22.9 kW kg−1, respectively. Therefore, the electrolyte systems reported here could be a promising electrolyte candidate to replace currently commercialized electrolytes for practical applications.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 228134 |
Journal | Journal of Power Sources |
Volume | 463 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2020 Jul 1 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was supported by the mid- and long-term nuclear research and development program through the National Research Foundation of Korea ( NRF-2017M2A8A5014710 ) funded by the Korean Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government( MSIT ) ( NRF-2019R1A4A102980111 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- 1,1-Dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate
- Cycle stability
- Electric double-layer capacitor
- High-voltage
- Propionitrile
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering