Pulmonary Toxicity and Proteomic Analysis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids and Lungs of Rats Exposed to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Jung Taek Kwon, Yoonjin Kim, Seonyoung Choi, Byung Ll Yoon, Hyun Sook Kim, Ilseob Shim, Donggeun Sul

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    13 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were intratracheally instilled into lungs at concentrations of 0, 0.15, and 1.5 mg/kg bodyweight to 7-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats. The cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress were evaluated, followed by proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs of rats. The CuO NPs-exposed groups revealed dose-dependent increases in total cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lactate dyhydrogenase, and total protein levels in BALF. Inflammatory cytokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α, were increased in the CuO NPs-treated groups. The expression levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and peroxiredoxin-2 were downregulated, whereas that of superoxide dismutase-2 was upregulated in the CuO NPs-exposed groups. Five heat shock proteins were downregulated in rats exposed to high concentrations of CuO NPs. In proteomic analysis, 17 proteins were upregulated or downregulated, and 6 proteins were validated via Western blot analysis. Significant upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase and fidgetin-like 1 and downregulation of annexin II, HSP 47 and proteasome α1 occurred in the CuO NPs exposed groups. Taken together, this study provides additional insight into pulmonary cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity as well as oxidative stress in rats exposed to CuO NPs. Proteomic analysis revealed potential toxicological biomarkers of CuO NPs, which also reveals the toxicity mechanisms of CuO NPs.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article number13265
    JournalInternational journal of molecular sciences
    Volume23
    Issue number21
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2022 Nov

    Bibliographical note

    Funding Information:
    This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environment Research (NIER), and funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIER-RP2013-131).

    Publisher Copyright:
    © 2022 by the authors.

    Keywords

    • bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
    • copper oxide
    • nanoparticles
    • proteomics
    • rat lung

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Catalysis
    • Molecular Biology
    • Spectroscopy
    • Computer Science Applications
    • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Inorganic Chemistry

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