Recent interlayer and separator design approaches for high-performance Li–S batteries

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted attention as promising next-generation batteries due to their remarkably high capacity compared to lithium-ion batteries and the low cost of sulfur. However, one of the inherent problems of LSBs is the “shuttle effect,” which causes lithium metal anode instability and capacity fading. This is still a major barrier that must be overcome before it is used in the industry. Therefore, to commercialize LSBs, it is essential to suppress this shuttle effect. From this point of view, this review focuses on the categorization of the methods and materials for interlayer and separator modification, which is one of the effective ways to address the shuttle effect.