Relation of urinary retention and functional recovery in stroke patients during rehabilitation program

Objective To investigate the relationship between urinary retention and short-term functional recovery in subacute stage after stroke.Methods The medical records of 94 patients admitted to the rehabilitation unit of Korea University Guro Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The postvoid residual urine (PVR) was measured at least once a day using a bladder scan, and urinary retention (UR) was defined when the daily PVR volume consistently checked more than 100 mL. Clinical data and functional outcomes of patients in the rehabilitation ward were collected. Functional outcomes were measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) level, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) at admission (or transfer) and discharge. The data of patients with and without urinary retention were compared and analyzed.Results Of the 94 participants, 25 patients were classified to the UR group and 69 were classified to the non-UR group. At the initial stage of rehabilitation, the scores of MMSE, BBS, FAC, MBI were significantly worse in the UR group (p<0.05). Both groups showed significant improvements of all functional outcomes after rehabilitation (p<0.05). The non-UR group showed more prominent recovery of BBS, FAC, MBI scores (p<0.05). Conclusion Urinary retention in post-stroke patients is significantly related to the poor functional status at initial stage of rehabilitation, and also to poor recovery after rehabilitation.