Residual silica removal and nanopore generation on industrial waste silicon using ammonium fluoride and its application to lithium-ion battery anodes

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• lithium 72%
• industrial waste 69%
• battery 68%
• fluoride 66%
• silicon 61%
• ammonium 56%
• silica 53%
• ion 42%
• removal 35%
• material 9%
• hydrofluoric acid 8%
• nanomaterial 6%
• semiconductor 6%
• purification 5%
• byproduct 5%
• electronics 5%
• surface area 4%
• X-ray diffraction 4%
• safety 4%
• atmosphere 3%
• cost 3%
• method 1%

Chemical Compounds

• Ammonium Fluoride 93%
• Industrial Waste 81%
• Heat Treatment 56%
• Anode 49%
• Inert Atmosphere 37%
• Safety 28%
• Semiconductor 25%
• Toxic 25%
• Purification 22%
• Surface Area 21%
• Nanomaterial 21%
• Application 21%
• Purity 17%
• X-Ray Diffraction 16%
• Acid 11%
• Surface 10%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Nanopores 100%
• Industrial wastes 84%
• Lithium-ion batteries 72%
• Silica 69%
• Anodes 64%
• Silicon 53%
• Low temperature operations 9%
• Hydrofluoric acid 9%
• X ray diffraction analysis 7%
• Nanostructured materials 7%
• Reagents 7%
• Purification 6%
• Byproducts 6%
• Semiconductor materials 5%
• Heat treatment 5%
• Costs 2%