Respiratory microbiome profiles differ by recent hospitalization and nursing home residence in patients on mechanical ventilation

Min gyung Baek, Seong Ji Woo, Nam Eun Kim, Chaeyun Baek, Sungho Won, Youngmi Kim, Jae Jun Lee, Hana Yi, Ji Young Hong

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) is a heterogeneous disease. We redefined nursing-home- and hospital-associated infections (NHAI) group by revising existing HCAP risk factors. The NHAI group comprised nursing home residents with a poor functional status, or recent (past 90 days) hospitalization or recent (past 180 days) antibiotic therapy. Our aim was to determine whether respiratory microbiota profiles are related to newly defined NHAI group in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. Methods: The 180 endotracheal aspirates (ETAs) from 60 mechanically ventilated ICU patients (NHAI group, n = 24; non-NHAI group, n = 36) were prospectively collected on days 1, 3 and 7 in a university hospital. The bacterial community profiles of the ETAs were explored by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A phylogenetic-tree-based microbiome association test (TMAT), generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), the Wilcoxon test and the reference frame method were used to analyze the association between microbiome abundance and disease phenotype. Results: The relative abundance of the genus Corynebacterium was significantly higher in the pneumonia than in the non-pneumonia group. The microbiome analysis revealed significantly lower α-diversity in the NHAI group than in the non-NHAI group. In the analysis of β-diversity, the structure of the microbiome also differed significantly between the two groups (weighted UniFrac distance, Adonis, p < 0.001). The abundance of Corynebacterium was significantly higher, and the relative abundances of Granulicatella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Veillonella were significantly lower, in the NHAI group than in the non-NHAI group. Conclusions: The microbiota signature of the ETAs distinguished between patients with and without risk factors for NHAI. The lung microbiome may serve as a therapeutic target for NHAI group.

Original languageEnglish
Article number464
JournalJournal of Translational Medicine
Volume18
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2020 Dec

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (NRF-2017M3A9E8033225) and by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by Korean Government (NRF 2020R1A2C1011455). This research was supported by Hallym University Research Fund. Funding agencies had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, manuscript preparation, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

Funding Information:
The authors thank all of study participants and the medical staff from Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital for their contributions to this study.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).

Keywords

  • HCAP
  • Mechanical ventilation
  • Microbiome
  • Pneumonia

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)

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