Abstract
The aims of this study were to obtain concentrated pinolenic acid (5,9,12-18:3) from dietary Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) nut oil by urea complexation and to investigate its cholesterol-lowering effect on the LDL-receptor activity of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Pine nut oil was hydrolyzed to provide a low-pinolenic acid-containing FA extract (LPAFAE), followed by crystallization with different ratios of urea in ethanol (EtOH) or methanol (MeOH) as a solvent to produce a high-pinolenic acid-containing FA extract (HPAFAE). The profiles of HPAFAE obtained by urea complexation showed different FA compositions compared with LPAFAE. The long-chain saturated FA palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0) were decreased with urea/FA ratios (UFR) of 1:1 (UFR1), 2:1 (UFR2), and 3:1 (UFR3). Linoleicacid (9,12-18:2) was increased 1.3 times with UFR2 in EtOH, and linolenic acid (9,12,15-18:3) was increased 1.5 times with UFR3 in MeOH after crystallization. The crystallization with UFR3 in EtOH provided the highest concentration of pinolenic acid, which was elevated by 3.2-fold from 14.1 to 45.1%, whereas that of linoleic acid (9,12-18:2) was not changed, and that of oleic acid (9-18:1) was decreased 7.2-fold. Treatment of HepG2 cells with HPAFE resulted in significantly higher internalization of 3,3′-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine-LDL (47.0 ± 0.15) as compared with treatment with LPAFAE (25.6 ± 0.36) (P < 0.05). Thus, we demonstrate a method for the concentration of pinolenic acid and suggest that this concentrate may have LDL-lowering properties by enhancing hepatic LDL uptake.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 383-387 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | Lipids |
Volume | 39 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2004 Apr |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by grant No. R01-2002-000-00447-0 from the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science & Engineering Foundation.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Cell Biology