Shape transformation using the modified Allen–Cahn equation

In this paper, we propose a phase-field model for the shape transformation and its simple numerical method. The proposed phase-field model is based on the Allen–Cahn equation, which is a second-order nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation and originally arises from modeling phase separation in alloys. The numerical scheme is a hybrid method using the operator splitting method. To validate the proposed phase-field model for the shape transformation, we perform two- and three-dimensional shape metamorphosis. The proposed phase-field model is also compared with the linear interpolation. The computational results demonstrate that the proposed mathematical model satisfactorily and naturally simulate the shape transformation.