TY - JOUR
T1 - Shortest-Path-Based Two-Phase Design Model for Hydraulically Efficient Water Distribution Network
T2 - Preparing for Extreme Changes in Water Availability
AU - Lee, Seungyub
AU - Jung, Donghwi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Fundamental Technology Development Program for Extreme Disaster Response, through the Korean Ministry of Interior and Safety (MOIS) under Grant 2019-MOIS31-010, and in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government through the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) under Grant 2018R1C1B5045011.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Environmental issues can cause changes in source water availability in water distribution networks (WDNs). Thus, an efficient connection between the source and consumers is important for securing water serviceability, which can generally be achieved by minimizing energy losses. In this study, a novel two-phase design (TPD) model is proposed to design an energy-efficient WDN by maximizing a hydraulic geodesic index (HGI), which is the weighted shortest path from the source to the demand node. Before applying the TPD model for WDN design, a correlation analysis between the system HGI, hydraulic performance, and graph theory indices is conducted using 33 J-City networks to verify the proposed HGI. Next, the TPD model is used to determine the optimal layout of the grid network (Phase I). Based on this layout, the optimal diameter set is identified in Phase II. The TPD is thereafter compared with the traditional single-phase design (SPD) model, which determines the optimal layout and diameter simultaneously, and a least-cost model for each phase in the grid network layout and pipe-sizing problem. The correlation analysis clearly indicates that the system HGI with the weighted graph theory successfully determines the hydraulic performance without any hydraulic analysis. Furthermore, TPD is advantageous for designing energy-efficient, hydraulically and structurally sustainable, and resilient networks, as compared to SPD and the least-cost model. The TPD model is expected to provide a better opportunity to prepare for extreme water availability changes by enhancing the hydraulic performance and efficiency through a better connection between the source and nodes.
AB - Environmental issues can cause changes in source water availability in water distribution networks (WDNs). Thus, an efficient connection between the source and consumers is important for securing water serviceability, which can generally be achieved by minimizing energy losses. In this study, a novel two-phase design (TPD) model is proposed to design an energy-efficient WDN by maximizing a hydraulic geodesic index (HGI), which is the weighted shortest path from the source to the demand node. Before applying the TPD model for WDN design, a correlation analysis between the system HGI, hydraulic performance, and graph theory indices is conducted using 33 J-City networks to verify the proposed HGI. Next, the TPD model is used to determine the optimal layout of the grid network (Phase I). Based on this layout, the optimal diameter set is identified in Phase II. The TPD is thereafter compared with the traditional single-phase design (SPD) model, which determines the optimal layout and diameter simultaneously, and a least-cost model for each phase in the grid network layout and pipe-sizing problem. The correlation analysis clearly indicates that the system HGI with the weighted graph theory successfully determines the hydraulic performance without any hydraulic analysis. Furthermore, TPD is advantageous for designing energy-efficient, hydraulically and structurally sustainable, and resilient networks, as compared to SPD and the least-cost model. The TPD model is expected to provide a better opportunity to prepare for extreme water availability changes by enhancing the hydraulic performance and efficiency through a better connection between the source and nodes.
KW - Connectivity
KW - energy efficiency
KW - graph theory
KW - resilience
KW - sustainable development
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103760335&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3070722
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3070722
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85103760335
SN - 2169-3536
VL - 9
SP - 53358
EP - 53369
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
M1 - 9393906
ER -