Stabilization of lead and copper contaminated firing range soil using calcined oyster shells and fly ash

Deok Hyun Moon, Jae Woo Park, Kyung Hoon Cheong, Seunghun Hyun, Agamemnon Koutsospyros, Jeong Hun Park, Yong Sik Ok

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

41 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A stabilization/solidification treatment scheme was devised to stabilize Pb and Cu contaminated soil from a firing range using renewable waste resources as additives, namely waste oyster shells (WOS) and fly ash (FA). The WOS, serving as the primary stabilizing agent, was pre-treated at a high temperature to activate quicklime from calcite. Class C FA was used as a secondary additive along with the calcined oyster shells (COS). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by means of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the 0.1 M HCl extraction tests following a curing period of 28 days. The combined treatment with 10 wt% COS and 5 wt% FA cause a significant reduction in Pb (>98 %) and Cu (>96 %) leachability which was indicated by the results from both extraction tests (TCLP and 0.1 M HCl). Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses are used to investigate the mechanism responsible for Pb and Cu stabilization. SEM-EDX results indicate that effective Pb and Cu immobilization using the combined COS-FA treatment is most probably associated with ettringite and pozzolanic reaction products. The treatment results suggest that the combined COS-FA treatment is a cost effective method for the stabilization of firing range soil.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)705-714
Number of pages10
JournalEnvironmental geochemistry and health
Volume35
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2013 Dec

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This research is financially supported by Republic of Korea Ministry of Environment as ‘‘Green Remediation Research Center for Organic–Inorganic Combined Contamination (The GAIA Project-2012000550001)’’.

Keywords

  • Copper
  • Fly ash
  • Lead
  • Oyster shell
  • Stabilization

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Water Science and Technology
  • General Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry and Petrology

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