Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize a polysaccharide found in citrus peels with an anti-metastatic property. CPE-II was purified by the pectinase digestion of citrus peels. During in vivo lung metastasis of Colon26-M3.1, administration of 10 μg of CPE-II per mouse showed 81.3% inhibition of metastasis. CPE-II consists of 15 different monosaccharides and 22 different glycosyl linkages, characteristic of rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). The primary structure was elucidated based on sugar composition, methylation analysis, oligosaccharide analysis, and sequencing using GC, GC–MS, LC–MS, and ESI–MS/MS analyses. Sequential degradation using partial acid hydrolysis indicated that CPE-II contained Rhap-(1 → 5)-Kdo, Araf-(1 → 5)-Dha, an AceA-containing nonasaccharide, and an uronic acid-rich oligosaccharide in addition to an α-(1 → 4)-galacturono-oligosaccharide main chain. The molecular weight of CPE-II was observed to decrease from 9 to 5 kDa at a pH value of <2.0, as observed by HPSEC. Thus, we propose that the anti-metastatic CPE-II is primarily present as an RG-II dimer.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 161-169 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules |
Volume | 94 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2017 Jan 1 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was financially supported by Korea Food Research Institute (2012).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Anti-metastatic activity
- Citrus peels
- Pectin
- Polysaccharide
- Rhamnogalacturonan II
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Structural Biology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Economics and Econometrics
- General Energy