@article{e7c17c48c6114d43ae2469e77b40d666,
title = "Submolecular Ligand Size and Spacing for Cell Adhesion",
abstract = "Cell adhesion occurs when integrin recognizes and binds to Arg–Gly–Asp (RGD) ligands present in fibronectin. In this work, submolecular ligand size and spacing are tuned via template-mediated in situ growth of nanoparticles for dynamic macrophage modulation. To tune liganded gold nanoparticle (GNP) size and spacing from 3 to 20 nm, in situ localized assemblies of GNP arrays on nanomagnetite templates are engineered. 3 nm-spaced ligands stimulate the binding of integrin, which mediates macrophage-adhesion-assisted pro-regenerative polarization as compared to 20 nm-spaced ligands, which can be dynamically anchored to the substrate for stabilizing integrin binding and facilitating dynamic macrophage adhesion. Increasing the ligand size from 7 to 20 nm only slightly promotes macrophage adhesion, not observed with 13 nm-sized ligands. Increasing the ligand spacing from 3 to 17 nm significantly hinders macrophage adhesion that induces inflammatory polarization. Submolecular tuning of ligand spacing can dominantly modulate host macrophages.",
keywords = "cell adhesion, ligand size, ligand spacing, macrophage modulation, nanoassemblies, submolecular ligands",
author = "Yuri Kim and Koo, {Thomas Myeongseok} and Ramar Thangam and Kim, {Myeong Soo} and Jang, {Woo Young} and Nayeon Kang and Sunhong Min and Kim, {Seong Yeol} and Letao Yang and Hyunsik Hong and Jung, {Hee Joon} and Koh, {Eui Kwan} and Patel, {Kapil D.} and Sungkyu Lee and Fu, {Hong En} and Jeon, {Yoo Sang} and Park, {Bum Chul} and Kim, {Soo Young} and Steve Park and Junmin Lee and Luo Gu and Kim, {Dong Hyun} and Kim, {Tae Hyung} and Lee, {Ki Bum} and Jeong, {Woong Kyo} and Ramasamy Paulmurugan and Kim, {Young Keun} and Heemin Kang",
note = "Funding Information: Y.K. and T.M.K. contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. 2020R1C1C1011038 and 2019R1A2C3006587). This work was also supported by a Korea University Grant and National Institutes of Health (grants numbers R01CA209888 and R21EB022298), NIH S10OD023518‐01A1 Award for the Celigo S Imaging Cytometer (200‐BFFL‐S) to R.P., and Gary Glazer‐GE Gift Fund (Department of Radiology, Stanford University). HAADF‐STEM and fluorescence imaging (K1‐fluo, Nanoscope System, Korea) was conducted with the support of the Seoul Center in Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) under the R&D programs (Project No. D110710) supervised by the Ministry of Science and ICT. Animal experiments in this study were conducted through approval from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Korea University (KOREA‐2021‐0006). This work made use of the EPIC facility of Northwestern University's NUANCE Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS‐1542205), the MRSEC IRG2 program (NSF DMR‐1720139) at the Materials Research Center, the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), the Keck Foundation, and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
day = "7",
doi = "10.1002/adma.202110340",
language = "English",
volume = "34",
journal = "Advanced Materials",
issn = "0935-9648",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "27",
}