TY - JOUR
T1 - Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Value-Added Products and Thermochemical Synthesis of Platform Chemicals from Food Waste
AU - Yu, Iris K.M.
AU - Attard, Thomas M.
AU - Chen, Season S.
AU - Tsang, Daniel C.W.
AU - Hunt, Andrew J.
AU - Jérôme, François
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
AU - Poon, Chi Sun
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors appreciate the financial support from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (PolyU 15217818), Hong Kong Environment and Conservation Fund (K-ZB78, 2016), Hong Kong International Airport Environmental Fund (K-ZJKC, 2015), and Khon Kaen University Conference Fund.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2019/1/22
Y1 - 2019/1/22
N2 - Immense global generation of food waste calls for advanced technologies to maximize the use of such renewable carbon-based resources. In this study, corn, taro, lettuce, and bean sprout, were valorized for the production of value-added chemicals via sequential supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) extraction and thermochemical conversion. The scCO 2 extraction was performed at 350 bar and 50 °C for 60 min. The extracts of the lettuce contained sterols (764 μg g -1 ) that have potential anticancer properties. While bean sprout extracts had a higher content of saturated fatty acids (641 μg g -1 ), corn extracts comprised polyunsaturated fatty acids (405 μg g -1 ) as one of the major compounds, which are beneficial to cholesterol control. There were also notable amounts of wax esters (75-774 μg g -1 ) in these food waste extracts. Taro extracts were rich in both saturated (2313 μg g -1 ) and unsaturated fatty acids (1605 μg g -1 ) and, in particular, contained difatty acids that exhibit pharmaceutical activities. Moreover, the solid residues after scCO 2 extraction served as the substrates for platform chemical production. The starch-rich substrates, i.e., taro and corn, resulted in 11-20% hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) after microwave heating at 140 °C for 5-10 min using SnCl 4 catalyst. In comparison, due to the high fiber content, lettuce and bean sprout required a higher temperature of 170-190 °C for chemical decomposition over H 2 SO 4 , generating a levulinic acid yield of ∼7%, in company with glucose and fructose as the coproducts. This study on the combined technologies suggested good compatibility between scCO 2 extraction and subsequent thermochemical conversion, producing a wide spectrum of value-added chemicals from biomass waste. We herein highlight the vast potential of integrated technologies for food waste valorization in achieving sustainable and carbon-efficient biorefineries.
AB - Immense global generation of food waste calls for advanced technologies to maximize the use of such renewable carbon-based resources. In this study, corn, taro, lettuce, and bean sprout, were valorized for the production of value-added chemicals via sequential supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) extraction and thermochemical conversion. The scCO 2 extraction was performed at 350 bar and 50 °C for 60 min. The extracts of the lettuce contained sterols (764 μg g -1 ) that have potential anticancer properties. While bean sprout extracts had a higher content of saturated fatty acids (641 μg g -1 ), corn extracts comprised polyunsaturated fatty acids (405 μg g -1 ) as one of the major compounds, which are beneficial to cholesterol control. There were also notable amounts of wax esters (75-774 μg g -1 ) in these food waste extracts. Taro extracts were rich in both saturated (2313 μg g -1 ) and unsaturated fatty acids (1605 μg g -1 ) and, in particular, contained difatty acids that exhibit pharmaceutical activities. Moreover, the solid residues after scCO 2 extraction served as the substrates for platform chemical production. The starch-rich substrates, i.e., taro and corn, resulted in 11-20% hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) after microwave heating at 140 °C for 5-10 min using SnCl 4 catalyst. In comparison, due to the high fiber content, lettuce and bean sprout required a higher temperature of 170-190 °C for chemical decomposition over H 2 SO 4 , generating a levulinic acid yield of ∼7%, in company with glucose and fructose as the coproducts. This study on the combined technologies suggested good compatibility between scCO 2 extraction and subsequent thermochemical conversion, producing a wide spectrum of value-added chemicals from biomass waste. We herein highlight the vast potential of integrated technologies for food waste valorization in achieving sustainable and carbon-efficient biorefineries.
KW - Biomass decomposition
KW - Hydroxymethylfurfural
KW - Levulinic acid
KW - Sustainable biorefinery
KW - Thermochemical conversion
KW - Waste valorization/recycling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85060029687&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06184
DO - 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06184
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85060029687
SN - 2168-0485
VL - 7
SP - 2821
EP - 2829
JO - ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering
JF - ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering
IS - 2
ER -
