Surface engineering with oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene enables efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells

Jin Hyuck Heo; Fei Zhang; Jin Kyoung Park; Hyong Joon Lee; David Sunghwan Lee; Su Jeong Heo; Joseph M. Luther; Joseph J. Berry; Kai Zhu; Sang Hyuk Im

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2022.05.013

Surface engineering with oxidized Ti₃C₂T_x MXene enables efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells

Jin Hyuck Heo, Fei Zhang, Jin Kyoung Park, Hyong Joon Lee, David Sunghwan Lee, Su Jeong Heo, Joseph M. Luther, Joseph J. Berry, Kai Zhu, Sang Hyuk Im

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

32 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

All-inorganic CsPbI₃ perovskite has a near-ideal band gap, high thermal stability, and simple material composition, thus presenting a promising option for developing perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. However, CsPbI₃ undergoes a rapid phase transition under exposure to moisture and exhibits a significant performance gap relative to other perovskite compounds, particularly in the p-i-n structure favored for perovskite/Si tandems. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells by surface engineering the CsPbI₃ layer with oxidized Ti₃C₂T_x MXene (OMXene) nanoplates via spray coatings. OMXene provides a physical barrier against moisture and improves charge separation at the perovskite-electron transporting layer interface via an enhanced electric field. Consequently, we demonstrated CsPbI₃/OMXene-based p-i-n devices with efficiencies of 19.69% for 0.096-cm² cells and 14.64% for 25-cm² minimodules. The encapsulated minimodule showed good stability, retaining ∼85% of the initial efficiency under simultaneous damp heat (85°C/85% relative humidity) and 1-sun light soaking for over 1,000 h.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1672-1688
Number of pages	17
Journal	Joule
Volume	6
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2022.05.013
Publication status	Published - 2022 Jul 20

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Basic Science Research Program [no. 2021R1A5A6002853], Nano-Material Technology Development Program [no. 2021M3H4A1A03076642]), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea (New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning [KETEP]) (no. 20183010013820) and by the Korea goverment (MSIT) (no. 2022R1C1C2008126). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, the Manager and Operator of NREL. F.Z. was supported on perovskite solar cell development and characterization by the “De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells” program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Solar Energy Technologies Office. Support for J.J.B. J.M.L. and K.Z. was provided by the “Circular Economy for Next Generation PV Materials” project, funded by the NREL Transformational Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. S.H.I. and K.Z. supervised the research. J.H.H. and F.Z. designed the experiments, carried out the experimental study on device fabrication, and performed basic characterization. D.S.L. performed PL and TRPL measurements. J.K.P. performed XPS and UPS measurements. S.J.H. performed XRD characterizations and analyzed the data. J.M.L. and J.J.B. provided valuable contributions to the experimental results discussion and manuscript preparation. J.H.H. D.S.L. K.Z. and S.H.I. wrote the draft of the manuscript. All the authors made a substantial contribution to the discussion of the content and reviewed and edited the manuscript before submission. The authors declare no competing interests.

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning ( Basic Science Research Program [no. 2021R1A5A6002853 ], Nano-Material Technology Development Program [no. 2021M3H4A1A03076642 ]), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea ( New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning [KETEP]) (no. 20183010013820 ) and by the Korea goverment ( MSIT ) (no. 2022R1C1C2008126 ). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC , the Manager and Operator of NREL. F.Z. was supported on perovskite solar cell development and characterization by the “De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells” program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy , Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy , and Solar Energy Technologies Office . Support for J.J.B., J.M.L., and K.Z. was provided by the “Circular Economy for Next Generation PV Materials” project, funded by the NREL Transformational Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program . The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.

Keywords

CsPbI3
inverted device structure
minimodule
oxidized MXene
perovskite solar cells
spray coating
stability

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Energy(all)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.joule.2022.05.013

Cite this

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title = "Surface engineering with oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene enables efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells",

abstract = "All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite has a near-ideal band gap, high thermal stability, and simple material composition, thus presenting a promising option for developing perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. However, CsPbI3 undergoes a rapid phase transition under exposure to moisture and exhibits a significant performance gap relative to other perovskite compounds, particularly in the p-i-n structure favored for perovskite/Si tandems. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells by surface engineering the CsPbI3 layer with oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene (OMXene) nanoplates via spray coatings. OMXene provides a physical barrier against moisture and improves charge separation at the perovskite-electron transporting layer interface via an enhanced electric field. Consequently, we demonstrated CsPbI3/OMXene-based p-i-n devices with efficiencies of 19.69% for 0.096-cm2 cells and 14.64% for 25-cm2 minimodules. The encapsulated minimodule showed good stability, retaining ∼85% of the initial efficiency under simultaneous damp heat (85°C/85% relative humidity) and 1-sun light soaking for over 1,000 h.",

keywords = "CsPbI3, inverted device structure, minimodule, oxidized MXene, perovskite solar cells, spray coating, stability",

author = "Heo, {Jin Hyuck} and Fei Zhang and Park, {Jin Kyoung} and {Joon Lee}, Hyong and Lee, {David Sunghwan} and Heo, {Su Jeong} and Luther, {Joseph M.} and Berry, {Joseph J.} and Kai Zhu and Im, {Sang Hyuk}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Basic Science Research Program [no. 2021R1A5A6002853], Nano-Material Technology Development Program [no. 2021M3H4A1A03076642]), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea (New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning [KETEP]) (no. 20183010013820) and by the Korea goverment (MSIT) (no. 2022R1C1C2008126). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, the Manager and Operator of NREL. F.Z. was supported on perovskite solar cell development and characterization by the “De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells” program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Solar Energy Technologies Office. Support for J.J.B. J.M.L. and K.Z. was provided by the “Circular Economy for Next Generation PV Materials” project, funded by the NREL Transformational Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. S.H.I. and K.Z. supervised the research. J.H.H. and F.Z. designed the experiments, carried out the experimental study on device fabrication, and performed basic characterization. D.S.L. performed PL and TRPL measurements. J.K.P. performed XPS and UPS measurements. S.J.H. performed XRD characterizations and analyzed the data. J.M.L. and J.J.B. provided valuable contributions to the experimental results discussion and manuscript preparation. J.H.H. D.S.L. K.Z. and S.H.I. wrote the draft of the manuscript. All the authors made a substantial contribution to the discussion of the content and reviewed and edited the manuscript before submission. The authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning ( Basic Science Research Program [no. 2021R1A5A6002853 ], Nano-Material Technology Development Program [no. 2021M3H4A1A03076642 ]), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea ( New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning [KETEP]) (no. 20183010013820 ) and by the Korea goverment ( MSIT ) (no. 2022R1C1C2008126 ). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC , the Manager and Operator of NREL. F.Z. was supported on perovskite solar cell development and characterization by the “De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells” program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy , Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy , and Solar Energy Technologies Office . Support for J.J.B., J.M.L., and K.Z. was provided by the “Circular Economy for Next Generation PV Materials” project, funded by the NREL Transformational Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program . The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

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doi = "10.1016/j.joule.2022.05.013",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

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T1 - Surface engineering with oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene enables efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells

AU - Heo, Jin Hyuck

AU - Zhang, Fei

AU - Park, Jin Kyoung

AU - Joon Lee, Hyong

AU - Lee, David Sunghwan

AU - Heo, Su Jeong

AU - Luther, Joseph M.

AU - Berry, Joseph J.

AU - Zhu, Kai

AU - Im, Sang Hyuk

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Basic Science Research Program [no. 2021R1A5A6002853], Nano-Material Technology Development Program [no. 2021M3H4A1A03076642]), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea (New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning [KETEP]) (no. 20183010013820) and by the Korea goverment (MSIT) (no. 2022R1C1C2008126). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, the Manager and Operator of NREL. F.Z. was supported on perovskite solar cell development and characterization by the “De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells” program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Solar Energy Technologies Office. Support for J.J.B. J.M.L. and K.Z. was provided by the “Circular Economy for Next Generation PV Materials” project, funded by the NREL Transformational Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. S.H.I. and K.Z. supervised the research. J.H.H. and F.Z. designed the experiments, carried out the experimental study on device fabrication, and performed basic characterization. D.S.L. performed PL and TRPL measurements. J.K.P. performed XPS and UPS measurements. S.J.H. performed XRD characterizations and analyzed the data. J.M.L. and J.J.B. provided valuable contributions to the experimental results discussion and manuscript preparation. J.H.H. D.S.L. K.Z. and S.H.I. wrote the draft of the manuscript. All the authors made a substantial contribution to the discussion of the content and reviewed and edited the manuscript before submission. The authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning ( Basic Science Research Program [no. 2021R1A5A6002853 ], Nano-Material Technology Development Program [no. 2021M3H4A1A03076642 ]), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea ( New & Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning [KETEP]) (no. 20183010013820 ) and by the Korea goverment ( MSIT ) (no. 2022R1C1C2008126 ). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC , the Manager and Operator of NREL. F.Z. was supported on perovskite solar cell development and characterization by the “De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells” program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy , Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy , and Solar Energy Technologies Office . Support for J.J.B., J.M.L., and K.Z. was provided by the “Circular Economy for Next Generation PV Materials” project, funded by the NREL Transformational Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program . The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

PY - 2022/7/20

Y1 - 2022/7/20

N2 - All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite has a near-ideal band gap, high thermal stability, and simple material composition, thus presenting a promising option for developing perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. However, CsPbI3 undergoes a rapid phase transition under exposure to moisture and exhibits a significant performance gap relative to other perovskite compounds, particularly in the p-i-n structure favored for perovskite/Si tandems. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells by surface engineering the CsPbI3 layer with oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene (OMXene) nanoplates via spray coatings. OMXene provides a physical barrier against moisture and improves charge separation at the perovskite-electron transporting layer interface via an enhanced electric field. Consequently, we demonstrated CsPbI3/OMXene-based p-i-n devices with efficiencies of 19.69% for 0.096-cm2 cells and 14.64% for 25-cm2 minimodules. The encapsulated minimodule showed good stability, retaining ∼85% of the initial efficiency under simultaneous damp heat (85°C/85% relative humidity) and 1-sun light soaking for over 1,000 h.

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KW - minimodule

KW - oxidized MXene

KW - perovskite solar cells

KW - spray coating

KW - stability

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