Systematic planning of power-to-gas for improving photovoltaic acceptance rate: Application of the potential RES penetration index

This paper proposes a novel method for integrating renewable energy sources (RES) and power-to-gas (P2G) technologies to optimize energy utilization efficiency as RES capacity increases. The method introduces the potential RES penetration index (PRPI) to select the appropriate capacity of P2G facilities for improved RES acceptance rates. In order to establish input constraints for RES and P2G facilities, this study determines the saturation point of RES (R-SP) and the saturation point of P2G (PG-SP). Additionally, the paper introduces the marginal capacity rate of RES to P2G (MCRG) as a useful tool for evaluating the adequacy of planned facilities. This paper's index is limited to PV as a renewable energy source. By incorporating PRPI into the input plan of P2G facilities, the proposed method improves PV's acceptance rate, contributes to facilities' economic planning, and streamlines optimization complexity. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential for P2G technology to optimize the integration of PV into the grid. However, the proposed method considers the PV's acceptance rate and provides system planners with necessary information on RES and P2G facility capacity. The method proposed in this paper can be extended to include other RES.