The BCI competition 2003: Progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials

Benjamin Blankertz; Klaus Robert Müller; Gabriel Curio; Theresa M. Vaughan; Gerwin Schalk; Jonathan R. Wolpaw; Alois Schlögl; Christa Neuper; Gert Pfurtscheller; Thilo Hinterberger; Michael Schröder; Niels Birbaumer

doi:10.1109/TBME.2004.826692

The BCI competition 2003: Progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials

Benjamin Blankertz, Klaus Robert Müller, Gabriel Curio, Theresa M. Vaughan, Gerwin Schalk, Jonathan R. Wolpaw, Alois Schlögl, Christa Neuper, Gert Pfurtscheller, Thilo Hinterberger, Michael Schröder, Niels Birbaumer

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

601 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Interest in developing a new method of man-to-machine communication-a brain-computer interface (BCI)-has grown steadily over the past few decades. BCIs create a new communication channel between the brain and an output device by bypassing conventional motor output pathways of nerves and muscles. These systems use signals recorded from the scalp, the surface of the cortex, or from inside the brain to enable users to control a variety of applications including simple word-processing software and orthotics. BCI technology could therefore provide a new communication and control option for individuals who cannot otherwise express their wishes to the outside world. Signal processing and classification methods are essential tools in the development of improved BCI technology. We organized the BCI Competition 2003 to evaluate the current state of the art of these tools. Four laboratories well versed in EEG-based BCI research provided six data sets in a documented format. We made these data sets (i.e., labeled training sets and unlabeled test sets) and their descriptions available on the Internet. The goal in the competition was to maximize the performance measure for the test labels. Researchers worldwide tested their algorithms and competed for the best classification results. This paper describes the six data sets and the results and function of the most successful algorithms.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1044-1051
Number of pages	8
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Volume	51
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2004.826692
Publication status	Published - 2004 Jun

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Manuscript received July 16, 2003. The work of B. Blankertz, K. R. Müller, and G. Curio was supported in part by the BMBF, FKZ under Grants 01IBB02A and 01IBB02B. The work of T. M. Vaughan, G. Schalk, and J. R. Wolpaw was supported by the National Institute of Health under Grant HD30146 and Grant EB00856. The work of A. Schlögl, C. Neuper, and G. Pfurtscheller was supported in part by “Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie” (Austria) under Grant 140.587/2-V/B/9b/2000 and in part by Amt der Steier-märkischen Landesregierung under Grant FA6A-10Vh00/1. Asterisk indicates corresponding author. *B. Blankertz is with Fraunhofer FIRST (IDA), D-12489 Berlin, Germany (e-mail: [email protected]).

Keywords

Augmentative communication
Beta rhythm
Brain-computer interface (BCI)
EEG
Event-related potentials (ERPs)
Imagined hand movements
Lateralized readiness potential
Mu rhythm
P300
Rehabilitation
Single-trial classification
Slow cortical potentials

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biomedical Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/TBME.2004.826692

Cite this

Blankertz, B., Müller, K. R., Curio, G., Vaughan, T. M., Schalk, G., Wolpaw, J. R., Schlögl, A., Neuper, C., Pfurtscheller, G., Hinterberger, T., Schröder, M., & Birbaumer, N. (2004). The BCI competition 2003: Progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 51(6), 1044-1051. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2004.826692

Blankertz, B, Müller, KR, Curio, G, Vaughan, TM, Schalk, G, Wolpaw, JR, Schlögl, A, Neuper, C, Pfurtscheller, G, Hinterberger, T, Schröder, M & Birbaumer, N 2004, 'The BCI competition 2003: Progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials', IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1044-1051. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2004.826692

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abstract = "Interest in developing a new method of man-to-machine communication-a brain-computer interface (BCI)-has grown steadily over the past few decades. BCIs create a new communication channel between the brain and an output device by bypassing conventional motor output pathways of nerves and muscles. These systems use signals recorded from the scalp, the surface of the cortex, or from inside the brain to enable users to control a variety of applications including simple word-processing software and orthotics. BCI technology could therefore provide a new communication and control option for individuals who cannot otherwise express their wishes to the outside world. Signal processing and classification methods are essential tools in the development of improved BCI technology. We organized the BCI Competition 2003 to evaluate the current state of the art of these tools. Four laboratories well versed in EEG-based BCI research provided six data sets in a documented format. We made these data sets (i.e., labeled training sets and unlabeled test sets) and their descriptions available on the Internet. The goal in the competition was to maximize the performance measure for the test labels. Researchers worldwide tested their algorithms and competed for the best classification results. This paper describes the six data sets and the results and function of the most successful algorithms.",

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note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received July 16, 2003. The work of B. Blankertz, K. R. M{\"u}ller, and G. Curio was supported in part by the BMBF, FKZ under Grants 01IBB02A and 01IBB02B. The work of T. M. Vaughan, G. Schalk, and J. R. Wolpaw was supported by the National Institute of Health under Grant HD30146 and Grant EB00856. The work of A. Schl{\"o}gl, C. Neuper, and G. Pfurtscheller was supported in part by “Bundesministerium f{\"u}r Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie” (Austria) under Grant 140.587/2-V/B/9b/2000 and in part by Amt der Steier-m{\"a}rkischen Landesregierung under Grant FA6A-10Vh00/1. Asterisk indicates corresponding author. *B. Blankertz is with Fraunhofer FIRST (IDA), D-12489 Berlin, Germany (e-mail: [email protected]).",

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AU - Wolpaw, Jonathan R.

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AU - Schröder, Michael

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The BCI competition 2003: Progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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