Abstract
An attemperator (also called a desuperheater) sprays water into superheated steam to modulate its temperature to a desired set point. Here, the sprayed water must evaporate completely before it reaches the thermowell installed downstream of the attemperator, as the amount of water sprayed into the flow varies according to the steam temperature measured by the thermowell. Therefore, to develop optimal attemperator designs, it is vital to accurately predict the evaporation distance of the sprayed water and find suitable methods to reduce this distance. In this study, droplet breakup and evaporation in various attemperator design configurations were numerically simulated in the three-dimensional domain, considering both primary and secondary droplet breakup. The simulation model was validated by comparing the simulation results of four commissioning conditions with the corresponding transient thermal analysis results from a previous study. Subsequently, four attemperator designs were analyzed using the validated simulation model to obtain useful design insights. The simulation results demonstrated that all droplets should break up into droplets that are below a certain size to ensure complete evaporation. In addition, a venturi-type thermal liner can enhance droplet breakup by accelerating and decelerating the steam flow, resulting in faster droplet evaporation. Finally, the evaporation distance can be reduced by using multiple smaller-sized nozzles, which produce smaller initial droplets.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 123300 |
Journal | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer |
Volume | 196 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2022 Nov 1 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), which is funded by the Ministry of Education ( NRF-2016R1D1A1B04933874 ) and by Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction Co. Ltd.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Keywords
- Attemperator
- Droplet breakup
- Droplet evaporation
- Droplet size distribution
- Numerical simulation
- Spray
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Mechanical Engineering
- Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes