Abstract
Bioconcentration of 4-tert-Octylphenol (OP) in freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris was investigated by considering the effects of algal growth and exudate excretion. The OP uptake in algae was approximately 113 mg kg−1 after 24 h, and the uptake rate constant was estimated as 2.4 × 104 L kg−1 d−1. The OP sorption onto exudates reduced OP bioavailability to C. vulgaris to 11% after 24 h, with a sorption coefficient of 9.7 × 103 L kg−1. The elimination of OP by algae growth (0.80 d−1) was dominant over real elimination (0.60 d−1). The calculated bioconcentration factor of OP in C. vulgaris following uptake and elimination rate constants was 4.0 × 104 L kg−1. Further, bioaccumulation of OP in Daphnia magna was investigated by considering both aqueous and dietary (C. vulgaris) exposures. Uptake and elimination rates of OP via water were 1.6 × 104 L kg−1 d−1 and 0.95 d−1, respectively, while ingestion rate and assimilation efficiency via diet were 0.41 d−1 and 58%, respectively. The OP accumulation in D. magna predominantly occurred via water (63%) relative to diet (37%), resulting in a bioaccumulation factor of 2.7 × 104 L kg−1. The estimated trophic transfer factor was 0.25, suggesting that OP biomagnification was unlikely in the C. vulgaris-D. magna trophic relationship.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 110379 |
Journal | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
Volume | 194 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2020 May |
Keywords
- Algae
- Alkylphenol
- Bioaccumulation
- Daphnid
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pollution
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis