Abstract
We have investigated gapless edge states in zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons under a transverse electric field across the opposite edges by using a tight-binding model and the density functional theory calculations. The tight-binding model predicted that a quantum valley Hall effect occurs at the vacuum-nanoribbon interface under a transverse electric field and, in the presence of edge potentials with opposite signs on opposite edges, an additional quantum valley Hall effect occurs under a much lower field. Dangling bonds inevitable at the edges of real nanoribbons, functional groups terminating the edge dangling bonds, and spin polarizations at the edges result in the edge potentials. The density functional theory calculations confirmed that asymmetric edge terminations, such as one having hydrogen at an edge and fluorine at the other edge, lead to the quantum valley Hall effect even in the absence of a transverse electric field. The electric field-induced half-metallicity in the antiferromagnetic phase, which has been intensively investigated in the last decade, was revealed to originate from a half-metallic quantum valley Hall effect.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2137-2143 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics |
Volume | 382 |
Issue number | 32 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2018 Aug 17 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (Project Nos. 2016R1D1A1A09917003 and 2016R1D1A1B03931144 ). K.W.L. gratefully acknowledges a Korea University research grant.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Edge functionalization
- Graphene nanoribbons
- Half-metallicity
- Quantum valley Hall effect
- Transverse electric field
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)