Two Stacked Heme Molecules in the Binding Pocket of the Periplasmic Heme-Binding Protein HmuT from Yersinia pestis

Daniel Mattle, Antra Zeltina, Jae Sung Woo, Birke A. Goetz, Kaspar P. Locher

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

59 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The periplasmic binding protein HmuT from Yersinia pestis (YpHmuT) is a component of the heme uptake locus hmu and delivers bound hemin to the inner-membrane-localized, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter HmuUV for translocation into the cytoplasm. The mechanism of this process, heme transport across the inner membrane of pathogenic bacteria, is currently insufficiently understood at the molecular level. Here we describe the crystal structures of the substrate-free and heme-bound states of YpHmuT, revealing two lobes with a central binding cleft. Superposition of the apo and holo states reveals a minor tilting motion of the lobes surrounding concomitant with heme binding. Unexpectedly, YpHmuT binds two stacked hemes in a central binding cleft that is larger than those of the homologous periplasmic heme-binding proteins ShuT and PhuT, both of which bind only one heme. The hemes bound to YpHmuT are coordinated via a tyrosine side chain that contacts the Fe atom of one heme and a histidine that contacts the Fe atom of the other heme. The coordinating histidine is only conserved in a subset of periplasmic heme binding proteins suggesting that its presence predicts the ability to bind two heme molecules simultaneously. The structural data are supported by spectroscopic binding studies performed in solution, where up to two hemes can bind to YpHmuT. Isothermal titration calorimetry suggests that the two hemes are bound in discrete, sequential steps and with dissociation constants (KD) of ̃0.29 and ̃29 nM, which is similar to the affinities observed in other bacterial substrate binding proteins. Our findings suggest that the cognate ABC transporter HmuUV may simultaneously translocate two hemes per reaction cycle.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)220-231
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of Molecular Biology
Volume404
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2010 Nov 26
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank R. D. Perry (University of Kentucky) who kindly provided the plasmid pHMU7 containing the Y. pestis hmu system. We also thank the beamline staff at the SLS for support with data collection. This research was supported by the NCCR Structural Biology Zurich, the Swiss National Science Foundation SNF, and the FP7 program EDICT of the European Union.

Keywords

  • Heme binding
  • Heme transport protein
  • Iron uptake
  • Protein crystallography
  • Type III periplasmic binding protein

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

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