Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version in the elderly population: the Ansan Geriatric study

Changsu Han; Sangmee Ahn Jo; Ji Hyun Kwak; Chi Un Pae; David Steffens; Inho Jo; Moon Ho Park

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.08.006

Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version in the elderly population: the Ansan Geriatric study

Changsu Han, Sangmee Ahn Jo, Ji Hyun Kwak, Chi Un Pae, David Steffens, Inho Jo, Moon Ho Park

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

291 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated the diagnostic validity of the 9-item depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in elderly Korean patients and suggest an optimal cutoff score to screen for major depressive disorders. Method: The PHQ-9 and an elderly health questionnaire were administered to 1060 subjects older than 60 years, chosen using a stratified random sample of the community. The PHQ-9 was measured and compared with the Geriatric Depression Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Reliability and validity tests, factor analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. Results: The PHQ-9 indicated that 175 subjects had depressive disorders, and 885 subjects were rated as healthy. The PHQ-9 showed significant positive internal consistency (r = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.60). The convergent validity with Geriatric Depression Scale and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was significantly positive (r = 0.74 and 0.66, respectively). We suggest a score of 5 as the optimal cutoff point when screening for depressive disorders using the PHQ-9. Conclusions: The Korean version of the PHQ-9 is an appropriate diagnostic tool for depression, and a score of 5 is the optimal cutoff for Korean elderly subjects. Screening for depression in the elderly population using the PHQ-9 would be valuable when medically ill patients show depressive symptoms in a primary health care setting.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	218-223
Number of pages	6
Journal	Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume	49
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.08.006
Publication status	Published - 2008 Mar

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was mainly supported by a Biomedical Brain Research Center grant (A040042-8; Seoul, South Korea) to Dr Jo. Dr Han has received research support in the form of a Korea Research Foundation grant (KRF-2007-013-E00033; Seoul, South Korea). The authors would like to thank to Hae-Won Lim, Soo-Min Lee, Sang-Hee Kang, and Eunkyung Kim for their devoting themselves in subject recruitment, management, and clinical data input.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Clinical Psychology
Psychiatry and Mental health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.08.006

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@article{beedf15e5e7a41ac86149608b0f8b693,

title = "Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version in the elderly population: the Ansan Geriatric study",

abstract = "Objective: We evaluated the diagnostic validity of the 9-item depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in elderly Korean patients and suggest an optimal cutoff score to screen for major depressive disorders. Method: The PHQ-9 and an elderly health questionnaire were administered to 1060 subjects older than 60 years, chosen using a stratified random sample of the community. The PHQ-9 was measured and compared with the Geriatric Depression Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Reliability and validity tests, factor analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. Results: The PHQ-9 indicated that 175 subjects had depressive disorders, and 885 subjects were rated as healthy. The PHQ-9 showed significant positive internal consistency (r = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.60). The convergent validity with Geriatric Depression Scale and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was significantly positive (r = 0.74 and 0.66, respectively). We suggest a score of 5 as the optimal cutoff point when screening for depressive disorders using the PHQ-9. Conclusions: The Korean version of the PHQ-9 is an appropriate diagnostic tool for depression, and a score of 5 is the optimal cutoff for Korean elderly subjects. Screening for depression in the elderly population using the PHQ-9 would be valuable when medically ill patients show depressive symptoms in a primary health care setting.",

author = "Changsu Han and Jo, {Sangmee Ahn} and Kwak, {Ji Hyun} and Pae, {Chi Un} and David Steffens and Inho Jo and Park, {Moon Ho}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was mainly supported by a Biomedical Brain Research Center grant (A040042-8; Seoul, South Korea) to Dr Jo. Dr Han has received research support in the form of a Korea Research Foundation grant (KRF-2007-013-E00033; Seoul, South Korea). The authors would like to thank to Hae-Won Lim, Soo-Min Lee, Sang-Hee Kang, and Eunkyung Kim for their devoting themselves in subject recruitment, management, and clinical data input.",

year = "2008",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.08.006",

language = "English",

volume = "49",

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journal = "Comprehensive Psychiatry",

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T1 - Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version in the elderly population

T2 - the Ansan Geriatric study

AU - Han, Changsu

AU - Jo, Sangmee Ahn

AU - Kwak, Ji Hyun

AU - Pae, Chi Un

AU - Steffens, David

AU - Jo, Inho

AU - Park, Moon Ho

N1 - Funding Information: This work was mainly supported by a Biomedical Brain Research Center grant (A040042-8; Seoul, South Korea) to Dr Jo. Dr Han has received research support in the form of a Korea Research Foundation grant (KRF-2007-013-E00033; Seoul, South Korea). The authors would like to thank to Hae-Won Lim, Soo-Min Lee, Sang-Hee Kang, and Eunkyung Kim for their devoting themselves in subject recruitment, management, and clinical data input.

PY - 2008/3

Y1 - 2008/3

N2 - Objective: We evaluated the diagnostic validity of the 9-item depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in elderly Korean patients and suggest an optimal cutoff score to screen for major depressive disorders. Method: The PHQ-9 and an elderly health questionnaire were administered to 1060 subjects older than 60 years, chosen using a stratified random sample of the community. The PHQ-9 was measured and compared with the Geriatric Depression Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Reliability and validity tests, factor analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. Results: The PHQ-9 indicated that 175 subjects had depressive disorders, and 885 subjects were rated as healthy. The PHQ-9 showed significant positive internal consistency (r = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.60). The convergent validity with Geriatric Depression Scale and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was significantly positive (r = 0.74 and 0.66, respectively). We suggest a score of 5 as the optimal cutoff point when screening for depressive disorders using the PHQ-9. Conclusions: The Korean version of the PHQ-9 is an appropriate diagnostic tool for depression, and a score of 5 is the optimal cutoff for Korean elderly subjects. Screening for depression in the elderly population using the PHQ-9 would be valuable when medically ill patients show depressive symptoms in a primary health care setting.

AB - Objective: We evaluated the diagnostic validity of the 9-item depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in elderly Korean patients and suggest an optimal cutoff score to screen for major depressive disorders. Method: The PHQ-9 and an elderly health questionnaire were administered to 1060 subjects older than 60 years, chosen using a stratified random sample of the community. The PHQ-9 was measured and compared with the Geriatric Depression Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Reliability and validity tests, factor analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. Results: The PHQ-9 indicated that 175 subjects had depressive disorders, and 885 subjects were rated as healthy. The PHQ-9 showed significant positive internal consistency (r = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.60). The convergent validity with Geriatric Depression Scale and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was significantly positive (r = 0.74 and 0.66, respectively). We suggest a score of 5 as the optimal cutoff point when screening for depressive disorders using the PHQ-9. Conclusions: The Korean version of the PHQ-9 is an appropriate diagnostic tool for depression, and a score of 5 is the optimal cutoff for Korean elderly subjects. Screening for depression in the elderly population using the PHQ-9 would be valuable when medically ill patients show depressive symptoms in a primary health care setting.

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Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version in the elderly population: the Ansan Geriatric study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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